Reference Centre, Dictionnaires

Dictionary of Spanish Words and Phrases

This list contains Spanish words with their English translations.  The words included here are only those that one is likely to find in a genealogical or historical document or record.  If the word you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Spanish-English dictionary.

Spanish is a Romance language derived from Latin with its foundations being laid during the Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula between 200 and 100 B.C.E. (B.C.).  Like all languages its' spelling was not standardized until the mid-1700s.  Clerks, in their written records, spelled words based upon the way a word sounded and also in accordance with the level of their own understanding of language as gained through their education.  Variations between the old-style and modern-style of spelling words should not cause too much trouble for a researcher.

Spanish is spoken throughout Spain, Cuba and in some Central and South American countries.  It can also be heard in various regions of the United States of America that are heavily populated by Hispanic immigrants, such as southern California and south Florida.  Spanish is also one of the two official languages of Puerto Rico.  There are slight differences between the Spanish spoken in Spain and that spoken in the Americas.

Many English words come from Spanish. For instance, cargo, cork, mosquito, potato, ranch, rodeo, tornado and vanilla.

      A - G

SPANISHENGLISH
abril
Abbreviated as: abl
April
abstractoabstract
abuelagrandmother
abuelograndfather
abuelosgrandparents
accidenteaccident
acre, terrenosacre
acreedor hipotecariomortgagee
actodeed
administraciónadministration
administradoradministrator/rix
adolescenteadolescent
adultoadult
agosto
Abbreviated as: ago, agto
August
agriculturahusbandry
ahijada, ahijadogoddaughter, godson as well as godchild
albaceaexecutor/rix
amonestacionesbanns
añoyear
anteriormenteformerly
antes, en la presencia debefore, in the presence of
antiguo/viejoancient/old
apellidosurname
apellido inauguralmaiden surname
arando aploughing
Archivo MunicipalMunicipal Archive
arrendadorlessor
arrendamientolease
arrendatariotenant
arrendatariocrofter
arrendatariolessee
asignan aassign
asignatariolegatee
aterrizanland
atestiguar, deponerattest
ayeryesterday
bautismo, bautizan, bautizarabaptism, baptize, christening
beneficiariobeneficiary
bienes mueblespersonal property
bienes muebleschattels
bienes raícesreal property
caenfall
caminoroad
campesinapeasant
campo, campañafield
capellaníasland records
capillachapel
casitacottage
censocensus
certificadocertificate
ciudadaníacitizenship
ciudadanocitizen
codicilocodicil
colonizadorsettler, colonist
completado, hecho, ejecutó acompleted, made, executed
confirmaciónconfirmation
confiscación de una propiedadescheat
copia decopy of
cosechan harvest
cosechascrops
cuñado, cuñada or hermana politicabrother-in-law, sister-in-law
dan a luz a abirth
de abuela gran, bisabuelogreat-grandmothe, /great grandfather
de dos años de edadtwo years-old
de la edadof age
declaraciónaffidavit
declaraciones de rentatax return
desgraciamisfortune
desposadogroom/bridegroom
deudor hipotecariomortgagor
díaday
día después de mañanaday after tomorrow
diario o cada día dependenciasdaily or every day
diccionario geográficogazetteer
diciembre
Abbreviated as: dice, 10bre
December
diez segundosten seconds
dineromoney
diócesisdiocese
Diosgod
domingoSunday
Donesquire
donantegrantee
dos añostwo years
dos veces portwo times per year
dueño de casahouseholder
edadage
él, ellahe, she
ellosthey
en casarse o casarse ato marry or get married
en cauciónescrow
en registrarto register
enero
Abbreviated as: enro, eno and 1ero
January
entierranbury
esposawife
estado civilmarital status
expedientetranscript
expedientespetitions
extractoextract
febrero
Abbreviated as: febo
February
fecha del nacimientodate of birth
femeninofemale
funeralesfuneral
ganado livestock
gananciaprofit
gastosexpenses
grande-tíagrand-aunt
grande-tíogrand-uncle
granjafarm
granjerofarmer
grave o la tumbagrave or tomb
guardiánguardian
Guia de la Inglesia en EspañaGuide to the parishes of Spain

      H - Z

SPANISHENGLISH
habitanteinhabitant
hacendado, labrador ricoyeoman
heredaninherit
heredero/herederaheir/heiress
hereditariahereditary
herenciainheritance
hermanasister
hermanobrother
hermano del paso/hermana de pasostep-brother/step-sister
hermanossiblings
hijadaughter
hijoson
hipotecanmortgage
hogarhome
Hojas de Serviciomilitary records
horahour
hoyday
huérfanoorphan
ideandevise
iglesiachurch
iglesia CatólicaCatholic church
ilegítimo illegitimate
indexanindex
indigentepauper
instrumentostools
intestadointestate
inventarioinventory
inversióninvestment
inviernowinter
jornalerodaylabourer
juevesThursday
julioJuly
junioJune
Juzgado de Primera InstanciaCourt of the First Instance
la confirmaciónsponsors
lápidatombstone
le liberan arelease
le otorgan agrant
legadolegacy or bequest
legalizanprobate
liberaciónrelease
Listas de Pasajerospassenger lists
lunesMonday
madrastrastepmother
madremother
mañanatomorrow
maridohusband
martesTuesday
marzo
Abbreviated as: mzo
March
masculinomale
matrícularegistration
mayoMay
mercadermerchant
mesmonth
miércolesWednesday
militarmilitary
minutominute
morirdie
mortinatostillborn
muerenmarry
nacidoborn
Navidadchristmas
necrológicoobituary
nietagranddaughter
nietograndchild or grandson
niñoinfant or child
notaríaregistry office
notariolawyer
noviabride
noviembre
Abbreviated as: novbre, 9bre
November
nuera, hija politicadaughter-in-law
octubre
Abbreviated as: ote, otue, octue, 8bre
October
ocupación de la tierraland tenure
otorgantegrantor
padrastrostepfather
padrefather
padresparents
padrinosgodparents
Padrones Civilescivil census
pagopayment
para la vidafor life
parientes más cercanosnext of kin
parroquiaparish
PascuaEaster
pastopasture
patrimonio familiarhomestead
pescadorfisherman
peticionanpetition
pobrepoor
prado, praderomeadow
prestanlent
primocousin
propiedadestate
propiedad moviblemoveable property
propietariolandholder
proprietario, terratenientelandowner
proto colosnotarial records
Registro Civilcivil registry
registro de parroquiaparish register
renunciaquitclaim
rinden asurrender
rollo del impuestotax roll
sábadoSaturday
sacerdote/vicariopriest/vicar
saltanspring
secundario (bajo la edad)minor (under age)
semanaweek
septiembre
Abbreviated as: septe, 7bre
September
sirvienteservant
sutheir or his/her
subarrendadorsub-tenant
sucesiónsuccession
sucesorsuccessor
suegra mother-in-law
suegro father-in-law
tasantax
testatestate
testador/testadoratestator/testatrix
TestamentoTestament, Will
testigo, declarantewitnesses
testimonio/evidenciatestimony/evidence
tíaaunt
tiempotime
tíouncle
transmitenconvey
trazan amap
tribunalcourt
trigalwheatfield
valoraciónvaluation
veranosummer
viernesFriday
vinculanbond
viviendatenement
yernoson-in-law

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